Matchbox may refer to:

• A box, usually thin wood or sometimes cardboard, which by design contains matches, similar to a matchbook
• Matchbox (toy), a well-known brand name of die-cast toys, originally sold in replica matchbox packaging.
• Matchbox (window manager), a window manager designed for embedded platforms
• "Matchbox (song)", a rock and roll song written and recorded by Carl Perkins that incorporates lines from a 12-bar blues written by Blind Lemon Jefferson and recorded by Carl Perkins and the Beatles, among many others.
• "Matchbox", a song by English Indie band The Kooks from their first album, "Inside In/Inside Out".
• Matchbox (band), a popular English pop/rock group, who appeared on five top 20 hits
• Matchboxing or gutterboxing, the practice of displaying video with a distinct border around the edges of the screen
• Matchbox sign, a psychiatric symptom seen in delusional parasitosis and Morgellons.
• Matchbox (poetry magazine), a UK poetry magazine
• Matchbox Twenty, an American rock band
• Matchbox (drinking game) a game played using a match box